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• Much as seen with the pre-existing weapons in 5e, classes, feats, and backgrounds may provide you with proficiency in a certain weapon type. In the case of firearms, often this proficiency involves pistols; but can involve the harder to use, but stronger firearms such as rifles or Gatling guns.
• Roll all of the attack's damage dice twice and add them together. Then add any relevant modifiers as normal. To speed up play, you can roll all the damage dice at once. For example, if you score a critical hit with a dagger, roll 2d4 for the damage, rather than 1d4, and then add your relevant ability modifier.

Lastly, proficiency with firearms is entirely under the purview of the DM based on how common they are in the particular setting. In a campaign where virtually everyone has a firearm, they might be simple weapons; in ones where they are rarer, they might be martial, and in campaigns where they are almost unheard of, they might require the Weapon Master feat to gain proficiency.

From D&D Wiki

Damage Rolls

Each weapon, spell, and harmful monster ability specifies the damage it deals. You roll the damage die or dice, add any modifiers, and apply the damage to your target. Magic weapons, special abilities, and other factors can grant a bonus to damage. With a penalty, it is possible to deal 0 damage, but never negative damage.

When attacking with a weapon, you add your ability modifier–the same modifier used for the attack roll–to the damage. A spell tells you which dice to roll for damage and whether to add any modifiers.

If a spell or other effect deals damage to more than one target at the same time, roll the damage once for all of them. For example, when a wizard casts fireball or a cleric casts flame strike, the spell's damage is rolled once for all creatures caught in the blast.

Critical Hits

When you score a critical hit, you get to roll extra dice for the attack's damage against the target. Roll all of the attack's damage dice twice and add them together. Then add any relevant modifiers as normal. To speed up play, you can roll all the damage dice at once.

For example, if you score a critical hit with a dagger, roll 2d4 for the damage, rather than 1d4, and then add your relevant ability modifier. If the attack involves other damage dice, such as from the rogue'sSneak Attack feature, you roll those dice twice as well.

Damage Types

Different attacks, damaging spells, and other harmful effects deal different types of damage. Damage types have no rules of their own, but other rules, such as damage resistance, rely on the types.

The damage types follow, with examples to help a GM assign a damage type to a new effect.

Acid. The corrosive spray of a black dragon's breath and the dissolving enzymes secreted by a black pudding deal acid damage.

Bludgeoning. Blunt force attacks–hammers, falling, constriction, and the like–deal bludgeoning damage.

Cold. The infernal chill radiating from an ice devil's spear and the frigid blast of a white dragon's breath deal cold damage.

Fire. Red dragons breathe fire, and many spells conjure flames to deal fire damage.

Force. Force is pure magical energy focused into a damaging form. Most effects that deal force damage are spells, including magic missile and spiritual weapon.

Lightning. A lightning bolt spell and a blue dragon's breath deal lightning damage.

Necrotic. Necrotic damage, dealt by certain undead and a spell such as chill touch, withers matter and even the soul.

Piercing. Puncturing and impaling attacks, including spears and monsters' bites, deal piercing damage.

Poison. Venomous stings and the toxic gas of a green dragon's breath deal poison damage.

Psychic. Mental abilities such as a mind flayer's psionic blast deal psychic damage.

Radiant. Radiant damage, dealt by a cleric's flame strike spell or an angel's smiting weapon, sears the flesh like fire and overloads the spirit with power.

Slashing. Swords, axes, and monsters' claws deal slashing damage.

Thunder. A concussive burst of sound, such as the effect of the thunderwave spell, deals thunder damage.

Proficiency 5e Added To Dmg Download

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In Dungeons and Dragons 5e, a proficiency bonus is a number added to certain actions your character takes. It’s defined by your character’s class, almost like a “built-in bonus” for things that your character is very good at (ie. actions they’re proficient in).

Every character has certain skills, saving throws, weapons, and abilities where they’ve gained proficiency by training and through virtue of their background.

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When making a d20 roll using these abilities, each character gains a special bonus which is called their proficiency bonus. This is a number that’s shown in the class table of D&D sourcebooks for each and every class.

A Proficiency bonus is based on a character’s total level, not their class levels.

For example, every character that reaches level 5 total receives an increase in their proficiency bonus from +2 to +3, regardless of whether they multiclassed.

The proficiency bonus is added to a number of different types of checks, but only if the character has proficiency in the right skill or ability. These checks include:

(a) Weapon attack rolls
(b) Spell attack rolls (for casters)
(c) Spell save DCs (for casters)
(d) Saving throws
(e) Skill checks (technically this is a type of ability check)
(f) Tool use checks (this is also a type of ability check)

It’s common for 5e to base other abilities on a character’s proficiency bonus, too.

For example, a Battle Master Fighter’s Maneuver Save DC is based partly on their proficiency bonus, while a Phantom Rogue has certain abilities that they can use a number of times per day equal to their proficiency bonus.

Note: a character does not gain a proficiency bonus to their AC when using armor or shields that they’re proficient with, although there are downsides to using armor and shields if you’re not proficient. Such as a slower movement speed or the inability to cast spells.

Also, per the Player’s Handbook:

“Your proficiency bonus can’t be added to a single die roll or other number more than once. For example, if two different rules say you can add your proficiency bonus to a Wisdom saving throw, you nevertheless add the bonus only once when you make the save.”

For example, take Morgana: a Level 1 wizard.

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She’s proficient in daggers, darts, slings, quarterstaffs, and light crossbows, with +2 proficiency bonus.

Her strength is 10 (+0), dexterity is 16 (+3) and Int is 16 (+3).

– Morgana can attack with a dagger using dexterity, since it is a finesse weapon, for a total of +5 to hit (+3 for Dex modifier, +2 for proficiency), with damage of d4+3 (note, proficiency bonus is not added to damage).

– Similarly, Morgana could use a light crossbow for +5 to hit, with d8+3 damage.

– If she attacks with the quarterstaff, she needs to use strength (+0), but she can still add her proficiency bonus, for a total of +2 to attack. The damage is d6, or d8 if she takes advantage of the versatile property.

– Morgana could use a rapier, which also has finesse property, even though she is not proficient with a rapier and cannot add her proficiency bonus to the attack roll. She has a +3 to hit from her dexterity and does d8+3 damage.

– In theory, Morgana could fight with a Great Sword. But since she has a low strength (+0) and is not proficient in the great sword, her attack roll bonus would be +0 and her damage would be 2d6.

– Morgana could also attack using a cantrip like fire bolt, which would have +5 to hit (Int modifier + proficiency bonus) and do d10 damage.

– Or she could cast Toll the Dead, which has a Spell Save DC of 13 for her target (8 + int modifier + proficiency bonus).